: July 19th: 11:06 pm:
The information I am sharing tonight is on
Clinical Depression and Women:
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Clinical Depression in Women
Clinical depression is not a "normal" part of being a woman
One in five women can expect to develop clinical depression during their lifetime. Regardless of age, race, or income - clinical depression can occur in any woman, and can be serious enough to lead to suicide.
Many people understand that clinical depression causes sadness and withdrawal.
But depression can also cause anxiety, irritability, fatigue and changes in eating and sleeping habits.
Depressed people often feel worthless or hopeless, and may experience physical symptoms as well, including chronic pain.
Women are more than twice as likely as men to experience clinical depression. Although all the reasons for this difference are not known, research suggests that biological differences in women - such as hormonal changes and genetics - may contribute to depression. Additionally, social reasons, such as greater stresses from work and family responsibilities, the roles and expectations of women, and even the increased rates of sexual abuse and poverty among women may lead to higher rates of clinical depression.
Despite the number of women who experience clinical depression, it is, in fact, not a "female weakness" or simply a normal part of being a woman. The good news is that clinical depression is a very treatable medical illness. Women with clinical depression need to know that successful treatments are available.
Clinical depression is more than the blues
Clinical depression is more than "the blues," which we all experience now and then. It is normal to feel sadness or upset at times of the death of a loved one, from a divorce and in times of illness. Too much work or troubles at home can be stressful. But, most women can go through these difficult times without becoming clinically depressed.
Some people incorrectly believe that only those who have experienced depression for months, or who have completely lost their ability to function, have clinical depression.
In fact, when the symptoms of depression last more than two weeks, or when the symptoms are severe enough to interfere with daily life, you may have clinical depression.
Does this sound like you?
"All the joy had gone out of life. Everything seemed like such a burden: my family, my job. I lost interest in eating, in being with my friends, even in having sex."
"I just couldn't concentrate anymore, and everyone noticed how irritable I was. Maybe it was because I was so tired, but I couldn't sleep - I kept waking up so early."
" I felt so miserable, and felt sure I would feel this way forever. I thought my family would probably be better off without me."
Not every woman experiences clinical depression in the same way. Different women have different symptoms.
Why do women suffer from clinical depression more often than men?
While we do not know all the reasons for this, research indicates the following:
Adolescence - The higher incidence of depression in women begins in adolescence, when there are dramatic changes in roles and expectations for teenage girls, along with physical and hormonal changes.
Adulthood - Many women face a variety of stresses, such as major responsibilities at home and work, a greater likelihood of being a single parent, and caring for children and aging parents. Rates of depression are highest for women when they are unhappily married. Being unmarried, including being separated or divorced, increases depression in both women and men.
Menstruation and Premenstrual Syndrome - While many women experience irritability or depressed feelings before their menstrual period, caused by changes in hormone levels, these feelings usually last only a few days. Extreme emotional and physical symptoms are called premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and may benefit from treatment by a doctor.
Postpartum Depression - Many women experience sadness following childbirth, ranging from a few days of the "blues" to clinical depression. Although as many as one out of every ten new mothers experience serious depression, in most cases it passes in a week or two. However, long-lasting clinical depression in a mother can have a negative effect on a child's behavior and development, which is another very important reason to seek treatment.
Menopause - Women are at no greater risk for clinical depression during menopause than at other times in their lives. However, women who have a history of clinical depression may be more likely to experience a recurrence during menopause.
Late Life - Some factors in later life can increase the risk of clinical depression. The death of a spouse may lead to depression. Additionally, clinical depression can be triggered by other illnesses including heart disease, cancer, diabetes and arthritis. Called "co-occurring depression," it should be treated in addition to treatment for the other illnesses. Depression is never a normal part of growing older.
How these factors affect women is not yet fully understood. Regardless of the reasons, depression is not a normal part of a woman's life.
Clinical Depression and Women
Women experience depression at roughly twice the rate of men. One in five women can expect to develop clinical depression during their lifetime. Regardless of age, race, or income clinical depression can occur in any woman, and can be serious enough to lead to suicide. The good news is that clinical depression is a treatable medical illness. Women with clinical depression need to know that successful treatments are available.
The Facts Every Woman Should Know
Approximately seven million women in the United States currently have diagnosable clinical depression.i
Only one out of every three women who experience clinical depression will ever seek care.ii
Married women have higher rates of depression than unmarried women, with rates peaking during the childbearing years.iii
Depression occurs most frequently in women 25-44 years of age.iv
Girls entering puberty are twice as prone to depression as boys.
Elderly women experience depression more often than elderly men.v
Depression is the number one cause of disability in women.vi
Research shows a strong relationship between eating disorders and depression.vii
Almost 15% of those suffering from severe depression will commit suicide.viii
Why Are Women At Increased Risk For Depression?
Biological differences in women may contribute to depression, such as hormonal changes and genetics.ix
Social reasons may also lead to higher rates of clinical depression among women, such as greater stresses from work and family responsibilities, the roles and expectations of women, and even the increased rates of sexual abuse and poverty.x
Women's Attitudes Towards Depression
According to a recent National Mental Health Association Survey on the public's attitudes and beliefs about clinical depression:
More than one-half of women surveyed believe it is "normal" for a woman to be depressed during menopause.
More than one-half of women surveyed believe depression is a normal part of aging.
Many women do not seek treatment for depression because they are embarrassed or in denial about being depressed.
More than one-half of women surveyed cited denial as a barrier to treatment.
41% of women surveyed cited embarrassment or shame as barriers to treatment.xi
Learn to recognize the symptoms of clinical depression
No two people experience clinical depression in the same manner. Symptoms will vary in severity and duration among different people. See your doctor* if you experience five or more of the following symptoms for more than two weeks:
Persistent sad, anxious, or "empty" mood
Sleeping too little, early morning awakening, or sleeping too much
Reduced appetite and/or weight loss, or increased appetite and weight gain
Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed, including sex
Restlessness, irritability
Persistent physical symptoms that don't respond to treatment (such as headaches, chronic pain or digestive disorders)
Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions
Fatigue or loss of energy
Feeling guilty, hopeless or worthless
Thoughts of suicide or death
* As a first step, a thorough physical examination may be recommended to rule out other illnesses.
Help Is Available NMHA Campaign for America's Mental Health 1-800-969-6642
National Mental Health Association 1-800-969-NMHA
DEPRESSION/Awareness, Recognition
and Treatment Program (D/ART),
The National Institute of Mental Health 1-800-421-4211
National Depressive and Manic Depressive Association 1-800-82-NDMDA
i American Psychological Association, 1990.
ii National Mental Health Association Survey 1996.
iii Commonwealth Fund Briefing Note 1997
iv Mryna Weissman, Ph.D., Archives of General Psychiatry 1984 Volume 41.
v National Institute of Mental Health, 1996
vi The World Health Organization, 1990
vii Willcox, M. Stattler, DN. "The relationship between eating disorders and depression." The Journal of Social Psychology, v. 136, n.2; p. 269. April 1996.
viii American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
ix National Institute of Mental Health/D/ART, "Depression: What Every Woman Should Know." 1997
x National Institute of Mental Health/D/ART, "Depression: What Every Woman Should Know." 1997
xi National Mental Health Association Survey 1996.
(c) 2004 National
www.nmha.org/ccd/support/factsheet.women.cfm